Take away lessons

Circuit elements: The three fundamental circuit elements are the resistor, capacitor, and the inductor. These elements relate current, voltage, charge, and flux linkage. Five pairwise connections between these elements are well-known. The sixth missing link is the memristor which relates charge to flux linkage.

Memristor: A non-linear two-terminal fundamental circuit element which relates electric charge and magnetic flux linkage.

The memristor's V-I curve: exhibits an hysteresis effect, caus- ing its memristance to change non-linearly with respect to the applied voltage. The memristor’s memristance depends on the previous flux of charge the memristor experienced.

While the memristor’s memristance changes in a non-linear pattern with respect to the applied voltage, as the frequency of the input voltage increases, this pattern becomes more linear.

The memristor’s memristance can be used to represent a particular memory state, thus enabling a memristance-memory mapping. Here, the memristance values (R00, R01, R10, R11) represent four binary states ((00)2, (01)2, (10)2, (11)2), respectively.

The memristor-CMOS crossbar: provides an efficient fully connected neuronal architecture in which the top layered wires are connected with an intermediate memristive layer to wires in the bottom layer.